Amazon EC2 Linux 6.3: Install Oracle Database 11gR2

Posted on October 18, 2012 by Jianming Li

Contents

  1. Linux Box Info
  2. Install Dependencies
    1. X11 Dependencies
    2. Library Dependencies
  3. Prepare Swap File
  4. Setup Kernel Parameters
    1. Check Kernel Parameters
    2. Configure New Kernel Parameters
  5. Setup Oracle User and Groups
    1. Create OS Groups and Users
    2. Check oracle User Limits
    3. Adjust User Limits
  6. Create Directory Structure
    1. Setup oracle User Env
  7. Install Oracle
    1. Screens
    2. Update Env Variables
  8. Check Install
    1. EM Console
  9. Setup Auto Start
    1. Login as oracle user
    2. Login as root User
    3. Test
  10. Uninstall
  11. Silent Mode
  12. Issues
    1. cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
  13. References
 

Linux Box Info

 
# uname -m
x86_64
 
# uname -r
2.6.32-276.el6.x86_64
 
# cat /proc/version 
Linux version 2.6.32-276.el6.x86_64 (mockbuild@x86-012.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue May 29 17:38:19 EDT 2012
 
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:       35127936 kB
 
# cat /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)
 
# free
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:      35127936    4363596   30764340          0     107384    3662592
-/+ buffers/cache:     593620   34534316
Swap:            0          0          0
 
# df -h /dev/shm
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
none                   17G     0   17G   0% /dev/shm

Install Dependencies

X11 Dependencies

 
yum install xorg-x11-xauth.x86_64 xorg-x11-server-utils.x86_64

Library Dependencies

 
yum install binutils-* compat-libcap* compat-libstdc++-* compat-libstdc++-* gcc-* gcc-c++-* glibc-* glibc-* glibc-devel-* glibc-devel-* ksh libgcc-* libgcc-* libstdc++-* libstdc++-* libstdc++-devel-* libstdc++-devel-* libaio-* libaio-* libaio-devel-* libaio-devel-* make-* sysstat-*

Prepare Swap File

* Prepare swap if needed:

# Remote swap file if installed
swapoff /swapfile
rm /swapfile
 
# Add 6 GB swap space. 1024 * 6000 = 6144000
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=6144000
/sbin/mkswap /swapfile
/sbin/swapon /swapfile
/sbin/swapon -s
 
# Add to <em>/etc/fstab</em>:
/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0
 
# Check new swap
free -m
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

Setup Kernel Parameters

Check Kernel Parameters

* Create a shell script checkkm.sh with content:

#!/bin/sh
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default
/sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max

* Run it to get current kernel parameters:

chmod u+x checkkm.sh 
./checkkm.sh 
 
kernel.sem = 250        32000   32      128
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shm_rmid_forced = 0
vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 0
fs.file-max = 3465274
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 32768    61000
net.core.rmem_default = 229376
net.core.rmem_max = 131071
net.core.wmem_default = 229376
net.core.wmem_max = 131071

Configure New Kernel Parameters

* Adjust kernel parameters by adding to /etc/sysctl.conf:

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

* Restart box

shutdown -r now

Setup Oracle User and Groups

Create OS Groups and Users

 
groupadd -g 500 oinstall
groupadd -g 501 dba
useradd -u 500 -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle -s /bin/bash
 
# Set oracle password (mycom1)
passwd oracle

Check oracle User Limits

* Create a new shell script named oralimits.sh:

#!/bin/sh
 
echo ulimit -Sn
ulimit -Sn
 
echo ulimit -Hn
ulimit -Hn
 
echo ulimit -Su
ulimit -Su
 
echo ulimit -Hu
ulimit -Hu
 
echo ulimit -Ss
ulimit -Ss
 
echo ulimit -Hs
ulimit -Hs

* Run it to get current user limits:

chmod u+x oralimits.sh
./oralimits.sh
 
ulimit -Sn
1024
ulimit -Hn
4096
ulimit -Su
1024
ulimit -Hu
274060
ulimit -Ss
10240
ulimit -Hs
unlimited

Adjust User Limits

* Adjust user limits by adding to /etc/security/limits.conf:

oracle              soft    nproc   2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536
oracle              soft    stack   10240

Create Directory Structure

 
mkdir -p /u01/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

Setup oracle User Env

* Add to oracle user ~/.bashrc file:

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

Install Oracle

* Download Oracle 11gR2 for Linux x86-64 from Oracle download site.
* Unzip both zip files to the same directory:

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

* Start installer

cd database
./runInstaller

Screens

* Uncheck I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support.
* Click Yes on Email not specified warning.
* Select Create and configure database.

* Select Server class.
* Select Single instance database.
* Select Advanced install.
* Select English
* Select Enterprise Edition
* Accept Oracle base: /u01/app/oracle
* Accept Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
* Accept Inventory directory: /u01/app/oraInventory

* Select General purpose / Transaction processing
* Enter Global database name: orcl.mycom.com
* Select SID: orcl
* Select File System, not Enable Automatic Memory Management

* Memory setting:

* Character set:

* Security setting:

* Check Create database with sample schemas
* Select Use Database Control for database management
* Accept default data file directory.
* Select Do not enable automatic backups.
* Select Use same password for all accounts: mycom1
* Accept default groups.

* You may see check failed:

* Ignore check fails:

* Summary:

* Unlock user if needed:

* Run two shell scrips as root user:

Update Env Variables

 
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Check Install

* Start database:

sqlplus / as sysdba
startup

* Start listener:

lsnrctl
start

* Use sqlplus:

sqlplus / as sysdba
 
sqlplus scott/tiger

EM Console

* Start EM Console:

emctl start dbconsole

* EM Console cannot be access outside of EC2.
* EM Console URL:
https://www.my.com:1158/em/console
* See this post on how to reconfigure EM

Setup Auto Start

Login as oracle user

* Create /home/oracle/scripts directory to hold startup scripts:

mkdir -p /home/oracle/scripts

* Create startup.sh

cd /home/oracle/scripts
vi startup.sh
#!/bin/bash
 
# Oracle SID value needs to match in /etc/oratab and is case sensitive
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
ORAENV_ASK=YES
 
# Start Listener
lsnrctl start
 
# Start Database
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF
STARTUP;
EXIT;
EOF
 
# Start EM
emctl start dbconsole

* Create shutdown.sh
vi shutdown.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
# Oracle SID value needs to match in /etc/oratab and is case sensitive
export ORACLE_SID=orcl 
ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
ORAENV_ASK=YES
 
# Stop EM
emctl stop dbconsole
 
# Stop Database
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
EXIT;
EOF
 
# Stop Listener
lsnrctl stop

* Set permissions:

chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh /home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh

Login as root User

* sudo to root user

su -

* Turn on orcl in /etc/oratab file.

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y

* Create /etc/init.d/dbora

vi /etc/init.d/dbora
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 345 99 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.
#
 
ORA_OWNER=oracle
 
case "$1" in
    'start')
        # Start the Oracle databases:
        # The following command assumes that the oracle login 
        # will not prompt the user for any values
        su - $ORA_OWNER -c "/home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/startup_shutdown.log 2>&1"
        touch /var/lock/subsys/dbora
        ;;
    'stop')
        # Stop the Oracle databases:
        # The following command assumes that the oracle login 
        # will not prompt the user for any values
        su - $ORA_OWNER -c "/home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/startup_shutdown.log 2>&1"
        rm -f /var/lock/subsys/dbora
        ;;
esac

* Set file permission:

chmod 750 /etc/init.d/dbora

* Add service with chkconfig command:

chkconfig --add dbora

Test

* Test dbora script:

service dbora stop
service dbora start

* Reboot to test

* See this article for more details.

Uninstall

 
cd /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/deinstall
./deinstall
 
# Accept all defaults

Silent Mode

* Save a response file, e.g. db.rsp, from previous install
* Run installer in silent mode and point to response file:

./runInstaller -silent -responseFile ~/db.rsp

* Login as root and execute the following commands to finish the install:

#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
 
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Issues

cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied

* Cause: SELinux is turned on
* Possible solution: set SELinix to permissive mode
– Temporarily:

#setenforce 0

– Permanently:
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=permissive

References

* Quick Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux x86-64
* Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) Document Library
* Oracle Database Download Site

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