Refresh C++

General

• Include
  • #include <iostream> // Notice no semicolon
• Namespace
  • using namespace std;

Modifiers

• static
  • Exist throughout application life time

sizeof

• Return number of bytes occupied by the object
• sizeof number;
• sizeof(long);

new

• Dynamically allocates heap memory
• Returns address of the space allocated (a pointer)
• Can only be de-allocated by delete
• Example
  
// Declare a pointer
double* pval = NULL;
// Test for out of memory
if (!(pval = new double)){
cout << "Out of memory...";
exit(1);
}
// Allocate a double and initialize it
pval = new double(999.0);
// Release memory pointed by pval
delete pval;
// Declar a char pointer
char* pstr = NULL;
// Allocate a string of 20 characters
pstr = new char[20];
// Delete array pointed to by pstr
delete [] pstr;

Debugging

• Go
  • Stop at the first break point
• Step into
  • Run one statement at a time
• Step over
  • Run one statement in the main() function at a time 
• Run to cursor
  • Run to where you position the text cursor
• Attach
  • Debug a program that’s already running