x86 privilege rings
* Ring 0: supervisor mode
* Ring 1
* Ring 2
* Ring 3: user mode
Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) or Hypervisor: Mo
* Types
– Type 1 VMM: runs in ring 0
– Type 2 VMM: runs in ring 3
* Requires
– Emulation
– Isolation
– Allocation
– Encapsulation
Types of Virtualizations
Server Virtualization
* Full virtualization: ideal complete virtualization.
* Paravirtualization: partial virtualization. Need OS modification. Less portable.
* OS virtualization: support a single OS type.
* Hybrid virtualization: full/para hybrid depend on CPU architecture support.
Storage Virtualization
* SAN: storage area network
Network Virtualization
* Virtual LAN
* Virtual IP
Application Virtualization