Photograph Lanscape

Golden Rules

* Dawn: 30 min before and after sun rise.
* Dusk: 30 min before and after sun set.

Shooting Mode

* Aperture priority mode: low (f2.8 - 5.6) to blur background, middle (f8 - f11) for regular, high (f22) for everything focus.

Lenses

* Use a polarizing filter (But not on super wide angle lenses).
* Use a neutral density gradient filter (NDG).

Composition

* Need three elements: foreground, middle ground, background
* Capture a portion that suggests all.

Shooting Horizontal Line

* Never put horizontal line in the middle of the picture.
* Put horizontal line either upper 1/3 or lower 1/3 of the picture.
* Keep horizontal line straight.

Shooting Waterfalls

* Shutter priority mode for 1 - 2 seconds.
* Shoot before sunrise or use a stop down filter.

Shooting Forests

* Don't include ground (too messy).

Shooting Sunrise and Sunset

* Choose ( daylight - 3 ) white balance.

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Photograph Travel Shots

Camera

* In program mode so it's ready to shoot when interesting shots come up.

Hours

* Best time: dawn
* Second best: dusk
* Last: shade

Subjects

* Very old people
* Very young kids (not babies)
* Bright color subjects
* Move 3 feet around
* Look for simplicity

Fireworks

* Manual mode: f11 and 4 sec

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Photograph Portrait

Lens

* Focal length: covers 85 to 100 mm, e.g. 28 - 105 mm
* Aperture: f/11
* Focus on the eyes
* Lens to the level of eyes
* Eyes 1/3 from top of the frame

Indoor Background<

* Black for dramatic effect
* White for everything else
* When use paper background supply back light
* Or use canvas or muslim backgrounds
* Use window lights as much as possible

Outdoor Background

* Less is better
* Darker is better
* Use f/2.8 or f/4 to blur background
* Move subject to the shade if direct sun light

Others

* Use a reflector

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